Reverse Proxy Nginx pour Odoo 19 :
Sécurité, Rate Limiting et Performance

# ── Rate Limiting Zones (defined before server blocks) ──
# Shared memory zones: 10m ≈ 160,000 IP entries
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=odoo_login:10m rate=5r/m;
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=odoo_api:10m   rate=30r/m;
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=odoo_general:10m rate=10r/s;

# ── Connection limit per IP ──
limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=addr:10m;

# ── Upstreams ──
upstream odoo_backend {
    server 127.0.0.1:8069;
    keepalive 32;
}
upstream odoo_longpoll {
    server 127.0.0.1:8072;
    keepalive 8;
}

# ── HTTP → HTTPS Redirect ──
server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name erp.yourcompany.com;
    return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}

# ── Main HTTPS Server ──
server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
    server_name erp.yourcompany.com;

    # ── SSL Configuration ──
    ssl_certificate     /etc/letsencrypt/live/erp.yourcompany.com/fullchain.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/erp.yourcompany.com/privkey.pem;
    ssl_protocols       TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers         ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off;
    ssl_session_cache   shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_timeout 1d;
    ssl_session_tickets off;

    # OCSP stapling
    ssl_stapling on;
    ssl_stapling_verify on;
    resolver 1.1.1.1 8.8.8.8 valid=300s;
    resolver_timeout 5s;

    # ── Security Headers ──
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains; preload" always;
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
    add_header Referrer-Policy "strict-origin-when-cross-origin" always;
    add_header Permissions-Policy "camera=(), microphone=(), geolocation=()" always;

    # ── Request Limits ──
    client_max_body_size 256m;   # File uploads, data imports
    client_body_timeout  60s;
    client_header_timeout 60s;

    # ── Connection Limits ──
    limit_conn addr 50;          # Max 50 connections per IP

    # ── General Rate Limit ──
    limit_req zone=odoo_general burst=20 nodelay;

    # ── Proxy Defaults ──
    proxy_read_timeout    720s;
    proxy_connect_timeout 720s;
    proxy_send_timeout    720s;
    proxy_buffers         16 64k;
    proxy_buffer_size     128k;

    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;

    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════
    # BLOCK 1: Dangerous Endpoints — Deny Entirely
    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════

    # Database manager — the #1 attack vector
    location ~* ^/web/database {
        deny all;
        return 404;
    }

    # Server info leaks
    location = /web/webclient/version_info {
        deny all;
        return 404;
    }

    # Debug/profiling endpoints
    location ~* ^/web/debug {
        deny all;
        return 404;
    }

    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════
    # BLOCK 2: Auth Endpoints — Strict Rate Limiting
    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════

    # Login page — 5 attempts per minute per IP
    location = /web/login {
        limit_req zone=odoo_login burst=3 nodelay;
        limit_req_status 429;

        proxy_pass http://odoo_backend;
        proxy_redirect off;
    }

    # JSON-RPC authentication
    location = /web/session/authenticate {
        limit_req zone=odoo_login burst=3 nodelay;
        limit_req_status 429;

        proxy_pass http://odoo_backend;
        proxy_redirect off;
    }

    # Password reset
    location = /web/reset_password {
        limit_req zone=odoo_login burst=2 nodelay;
        limit_req_status 429;

        proxy_pass http://odoo_backend;
        proxy_redirect off;
    }

    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════
    # BLOCK 3: API Endpoints — Moderate Rate Limiting
    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════

    # JSON-RPC API (external integrations)
    location = /jsonrpc {
        limit_req zone=odoo_api burst=10 nodelay;
        limit_req_status 429;

        proxy_pass http://odoo_backend;
        proxy_redirect off;
    }

    # XML-RPC (legacy integrations)
    location ~ ^/xmlrpc/ {
        limit_req zone=odoo_api burst=10 nodelay;
        limit_req_status 429;

        proxy_pass http://odoo_backend;
        proxy_redirect off;
    }

    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════
    # BLOCK 4: WebSocket / Longpolling
    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════

    location /websocket {
        proxy_pass http://odoo_longpoll;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
        proxy_read_timeout 3600s;
        proxy_send_timeout 3600s;
    }

    # Legacy longpolling endpoint (Odoo < 17 compat)
    location /longpolling {
        proxy_pass http://odoo_longpoll;
    }

    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════
    # BLOCK 5: Static Assets — Aggressive Caching
    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════

    location ~* /web/static/ {
        proxy_pass http://odoo_backend;
        proxy_cache_valid 200 365d;
        expires 365d;
        add_header Cache-Control "public, immutable";
        access_log off;
    }

    location ~* /web/image/ {
        proxy_pass http://odoo_backend;
        proxy_cache_valid 200 30d;
        expires 30d;
        add_header Cache-Control "public";
        access_log off;
    }

    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════
    # BLOCK 6: Everything Else — Default Proxy
    # ═══════════════════════════════════════════════

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://odoo_backend;
        proxy_redirect off;
    }
}